Neurobiological and neural models of EF suggest a broader and more complex interaction of various brain regions where discrete EFs don’t necessarily apply ( Barrasso-Catanzaro & Eslinger, 2016 ). The number of discrete EFs within these models ranges from 2 to more than 30 and they can generally be described as hot – functions supported by emotional awareness and social cognition – or cool – functions related to mechanistic skills where emotions aren’t a factor ( Miyake & Friedman, 2012 Baggetta & Alexander, 2016 Perone et al., 2018 Zelazo & Carlson, 2012 ). Cognitive and behavioral models tend to focus on attentional control and the distinction between individual EF domains (EFs) ( Miyake et al., 2000 Diamond, 2013 Posner, 1980 Shallice & Burgess, 1991 ). Theoretical models describing the development of EF and potential connections to distinct parts of the brain vary. EF skills develop intensely from infancy to the preschool period and steadily improve into early adulthood (Carlson et al., 2013). These higher-order functions include skills related to planning, organizing, self-regulation, attention maintenance, emotion regulation, prioritizing, and staying on task. Executive function (EF) describes the “overarching regulation of goal-directed, future-oriented, higher-order cognitive processes” largely controlled by the frontal cortex ( Szczepanski & Knight, 2014 Demetriou et al., 2019 ).
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |